History+of+Photographic+Technology

History of Photographic Technology

By: Kyle Farias and Jane Chong

__**1800’s** __

> > __**1900’s** __
 * **1822** – Nicéphore Niépce takes the first fixed, permanent photograph, of an engraving of Pope Pius VII, using a non-lens contact-printing "heliographic process". However, it was destroyed later; the earliest surviving example is from 1825.
 * ====**1839** – William Fox Talbot invented the positive / negative process widely used in modern photography. He refers to this as photogenic drawing . This technique is achieved with the use of paper and coating it with silver iodide. ====
 * **1861** – The first color photograph, an additive projected image of a tartan ribbon, is shown by James Clerk Maxwell.
 * **1888** – Kodak n°1 box camera is mass marketed; first easy-to-use camera.
 * **1895** – Auguste and Louis Lumière – Invented the cinématographe . Cinematography is a film camera which also functions two other purposes; as a film projector, and as a development.
 * **1899** –The flash-lamp was invented by Joshua Cohen . The flash-lamp was used for indoor photography. By using a fuse to ignites explosive powder, it creates a photographer’s flash.
 * ====**1901** – Kodak introduced the 120 film . It is a film format used for still photography. It looks like any typical roll film, made of wood with metal flanges, some of us might recall seeing the film rolls made out of plastic… this was its first form. This was invented to use with Kodak’s earlier invention, the Brownie (a camera). ====
 * **1909**– Kodak introduces a 35 mm "safety" motion picture film on an acetate base as analternative to the highly flammable nitrate base. The motion picture industry discontinues its use after 1911 due to technical imperfections.
 * **1920** – Yasujiro Niwa invented a device for phototelegraphic transmission through cable and later via radio.
 * ====**1923 ** – Doc Harold Edgerton invents the xenon flash lamp and strobe photography. This changed the photography industry as it provided perfect lighting for photographs. The difference between a xenon flash lamp and regular flash is that you can move this lamp around until you find your perfect lighting, whereas the regular flash cannot be controlled as to where you want it to hit specifically. ====
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">**1932** – The first full-color movie, the cartoon //Flowers and Trees//, is made in Technicolor by Disney.
 * ====<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">**1939**– The View-Master stereo viewer is introduced. This was a device used for viewing seven 3-D images on a paper disk. For a better understanding of this device, it is now presently a toy for kids; we may have owned it ourselves. This device allowed us to peek through optical lenses to see different images that were rotated as we clicked on a button. ====
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">**1959** – AGFA introduces the first fully automatic camera, the Optima.
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">**1973** – Fairchild Semiconductor releases the first large image forming CCD chip ; 100 rows and 100 columns.
 * ====<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">**1986**– Kodak scientists invent the world's first megapixel sensor. For those of you who don’t know what a megapixel is, it’s a unit of graphic resolution; so essentially, it allows cameras to take photos that are clear and high in quality. ====

__<span style="color: #008000; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 18pt;">**2000’s** __


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">**2000** - J-SH04 introduced by J-Phone was first commercially available camera integrated with mobile phone that can make and share still pictures.
 * ====<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">**2005-2009**– the major leading film photography brands discontinues film photography products and transitions into digital imaging technology. AGFA for example, had to file for bankruptcy. Kodak and Polaroid both discontinued their production of film cameras and shifted to digital cameras. ====



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Project Brainstorming:  Video:   - Creating a piece that broadcasts a public service announcement - Set a studio up to have a photo shoot for a stop motion film - Create a video using three different techniques

Photo:  - Going on a class field trip to some park/museum to take picture of landscape/artifacts   -Set a studio up to have a photo shoot for a stop motion film   - Creating a pin-hole camera   - Shoot an album worth of photos using different techniques based on a specific topic (we can choose that topic)

Jane Chong 3/28/2012

**Social Impact of Photography**

This photo was taken in 1957 and publish in 1965 by Lennart Nilson. It is a photo of and unborn child, an embryo. To me, this photo represents not just the human life, but how far along we've come to have the technology to take such an amazing photo. I think it has impacted the society a lot in the sense that we are able to alternate what is natural and discover to learn more about the human life itself. This photo may have had a big impact in the health/medicine industry for now they are able to use such technology to monitor any premature born baby whose health may be in danger. This photo opens up to a wide variety of audiences ranging from doctors to parents to children and teenagers; anyone who is human. I feel that the photographer wanted to show how delicate an unborn child is. This photography might have affected females the most in general, for those who are considering abortion because this photo shows that even though the embryo has not yet form into a human, they are still very similar to a baby. this picture seems to be very raw in a sense that it is not edited because the background is black and have white dots covered all over. In a way, it appears that the background looks very similar to outer space. This photo has so many different ways of how it can be interpreted, which is what true photography should be about, it's a form of art where the more open-ended it leaves the audience, the better.

Photograph was taken from here



This is a photograph is of three american soldiers laying dead on a beach in Papua New Guinea. This photo was taken on September 20, 1943 by George Strock. This photograph was disturbing when it was first published for it was one of the first photos that were publishes of american soldier casualties since it was previously banned until President Franklin D. Roosevelt lifted the ban. As a viewer, I would feel that this photo is very heavy in content and has an uneasy feeling since it's never pleasant to see any kind of deaths. We can see that the soldier closest to the camera has his head dug into the sand. The meaning and significance to the photograph is that warfare is terrible. This photo is taken in black and white most likely because they did not have the technology for coloured photographs but I feel that it gives this photograph so much more meaning since it makes us feel like life is sucked out of this photograph which relates to the picture since the soldiers are dead. This photograph would affect all of USA because it's their soldiers, their heroes who are sacrificing their lives for their country which would and should make them be thankful for their country and be proud of their soldiers. I believe the president had allowed this photo to be published in order to show the true pain and bravey it takes to be in the army. As a viewer, there are so many questions we couuld ask such as how the soldiers died and if anyone retrieved their bodies. This is such a powerful photograph that not only affects USA alone, but to people all around the world and show that we need world peace and that war does not solve any issues.

- for each state in detail **WHAT (at least 10 things/criteria)** you love about the website... think about what makes a great website.... 1. [] - The colours used on this website makes the user feel calm - Website is easy to use, it's straightforward - It is a website built for the users, so they can post things on it too. -The materials that are posted are very interesting; captures our interest -Since it's one long page, theres a "scroll to top" button on the bottom right hand corner that brings us back up really quickly. - Different sections that allows easy access, say if you just want a particular section (ie. Food and drinks, women's fashion, etc.) - layout and everything is simple, makes the user feel welcomed and satisfied. - When you scroll down, the tab bar remains at the top, so if you decide to go to a specific section, you dont have to scroll all the way to the top - Its logo is simply at the top, subtle but bold and once you scroll down, it's no longer in your view so it won't badger you while you read the site's contents - Each click opens a new tab so it won't affect your experience and stop you each time you go back.
 * List and provide links to 5 FAVORITE/Great websites:**

2. [] - Easy to use, self-explanatory - Front page is attractive -They have the ability to see what you've viewed and recommend you videos to watch -You can have your own account which keeps a record of all the things you've liked, watched -You can link up your account with a friend and see what they've watched or like -You can post up videos to share with friends, or view videos your friends post up -Has a selection of sections varying from what is popular on the web to what's trending. -While you wait for buffer, you can play snake so you dont have to just sit there and wait -Has a section dedicated to solely music -Is already popular so theres a lot of videos online to view anyway 3. [|http://www.google.ca] -insanely easy to use, self explanatory -quickly expanding its use of just a search engine, you can use it as a map, translator, video search, and a lot of other options -They change their logos on special ocassions so as the viewers, it's pretty interesting to watch each time and it's entertaining -You can search up images and seperate them by colour to sector specific photos out -well known within the world already, used all over the world, and allows users to use google in different languages -No ads like some websites that make it annoying to use as the user -In there google maps, it gives you actual directions on how to get to places which not many search engines allow -Innovative as a search engine, no other search engine are comparable. Ranked #1 and they are exapnding as a search engine. - for each state in detail **WHAT (at least 10 things/criteria)** you DISLIKE about the website... think about what ISN'T WORKING well in the website & its design.... . 1. []
 * List and provide links to 5 least favorite/terrible websites:**
 * List and provide links to 5 least favorite/terrible websites:**

-Too many colour variations -Eye irritation due to the websites wave effect -The subtitles are too small -Too many objects moving on the page -Random objects on website that do not link to the issue -The GIF’s have white outlines -Some of the objects are distorted -The subtitle colour does not stand out -Links do not work properly -Body paragraph font is too big

2. []

-The Website is too busy causing it hard to find something -There are too many colour variations of text -Some of the pictures are blurry -Moving advertisement on page that cannot be closed -Unidentified links -The website extends to about 15 pages long with no text -Unnecessary underlined text -Not enough information about the topic -The open directory search bar is located at the bottom of the page -No contact information about the website

3. []

-The subtitles are too small and unnoticeable -Not enough information about the website -The website does not have enough text -The “click here” links are too small and hard to locate -The background colour is plane black displaying no interest -The links to other websites are highlighted in white -The date on the website is wrong -Not enough product advertisements -There is no search bar on the website to find products -The website functions too slow

4. []

-The website has too many pop ups causing distractions

Jane Chong 3/23/12

Research (lookup & find out about) the following concepts....

Website architecture design refers to the planning and layout of a website. Things that are needed to be considered when creating a website all in all is the content of the website, the target audience (like how the audience would interact with the site), web design and much more. Below is a link that shows a variety of websites and their website architecture design:
 * - website architecture design**

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Website navigation design refers to how the user/audience operates when using the website. Essentially, the sidebar that takes you to different parts of the website. Each website should have its own unique design that captures the audience's attention and should be easy to use. The following link provided below brings us to a site that shows a variety of examples of how other sites have uniquely designed their website navigation for its users:
 * - website navigation design**

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Information hierarchy refers to how the website's content is presented. Things that are needed to be considered are the font sizes, font placements, icons used, and much more. Are the fonts easy to the audience's eyes? Is it attractive enough? How the content is presented is very important because if it is poorly shown, it won't capture the audiences attention and the audience will leave your site. Below is a link to a site that has great tips on information hierarchy and what a good site should have:
 * - information hierarchy/hierarchies**

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