Panoramic+Photography

Panormic photography is a technique of photography using specialized equipment, software, or nowadays a simple digital camera that captures images with an elongated field of view. Sometimes this type of photography is called wide format, or used when an image is cropped to a wide aspect ratio.
 * Panoramic Photography**

An image with an **aspect ratio of 2:1** or larger is considered a panoramic image. These images have to be atleast **twice as wide as its length** and can go up to a ratio of 10:1; this results in an image taken into form of a wide strip. Both the aspect ratio and coverage of field are important factors in depicting panoramic images.



** History of Panoramic Photography ** Panormaic photography had started shortly after the invention of photography in 1839. Early panoramas were made by placing two or more daguerreotype plates side by side. Dageurreotypes were the first available photographic process which used silver-coated copper plates to produce high detailed images. The use of daguerreotypes developed into the process of image stitching which then lead to our modern, highly developed photography.

From 1840's onwards, specialized panoramic camera designs were being made and manufactured for making panoramas. Since the negative was so long, a special camera was necessary to hold the film. There were two types of cameras for panoramas, one that had a rotating lens while the fim remained still and the other had both rotating lens and rotating film. ** Image Stitching ** Image stitching is the process of combining multiple images with overlapping fields of view to produce a panoramic or high resolution image. This is commonly performed through the use of computer software programs. To successfully produce seamless results, the segmented images require almost exact overlaps between the images and identical exposures. In the modern day, our digital cameras can stitch photos internally.

Examples of Image Stitching using software programs:

Example of Panoramic Photography with a digital camera:



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Birds Eye View - view from above, looking down Neutral Shot - eye level, focus is equal and level with the perspective High Angle Shot - camera is located above the eye level Low Angle Shot - camera is located below the eye level Point of View - shows what the character is looking at from his/her perspective Oblique/Canted Angle - tilted shot to suggest imbalence, transition and instability Over the Shoulder - captures the view behind a person
 * Camera Angles:**

-Extreme Long Shot - distance, landscape -Long Shot - full body shot -Medium Shot - waist upwards -Close Up - head shot -Extreme Close Up - Detail of face
 * Shot Lengths**

-Side Lighting -Back Lighting -Rim Lighting -Ambient Light -Soft or Diffuse Light -Hard Light -Spotlight -Artificial Lighting -Various Combinations of Lighting
 * Types of Lighting**

Photography & Video Project Ideas:

Photography: panoramic landscapes, panoramic closeups, move like-effect editing, abstract intricate design



Earthrise, a photo captured on Christmas Eve, 1968 during the Apollo 8 mission is the first photo from the moon of the Earth in human history. It was taken by astronaut William Anders and is considered "the most influential environmental photograph ever taken." This photo shows the importance and the interconnection of nature and life on Earth to the never-ending universe. It captures the fragility of our existence and how importantly placed our planet is. This picture was so influential to society that it was considered in //Life//'s 100 Photographs that Changed the World and by the U.S. Postal Service which issued a stamp with the photo of Earthrise, in color, and the words "in the beginning God..." By some people, Earthrise was considered the beginning of an environmental movement. The photo of the earth rise was an unplanned photo and that is what makes it so special. It makes society question what life is like outside of our planet, what other creatures, planets and organisms exist and the comparison of tiny Earth to the universe.

//100 Photographs That Changed the World by LIFE.// (n/a) The Digital Journalist. Retrieved March 28, 2012 from, <[]>

//Earthrise.// (2012, March 5) Wikipedia. Retrieved March 28, 2012 from, <[]>



Betty Grable was an American singer, dancer and actress. Throughout the 1940's Betty Grable was 20th Century's top star and also in a period of her career, was the highest paid female Hollywood star. Her iconic bathing suit photo made her the Number One pin up girl of the World War II era. She was noted for having the most beautiful legs in Hollywood and was known as "the girl with the million dollar legs". For the American soilders in the war, they were desperate for some link to home as being in the war is depressing, traumatizing and a rough duty. Betty Grable provided them with some joy and a bearable fight as she became a famous, sexy pin-up girl of the 1940's. She is an icon for American culture. She was starred in Technicolor hit movies during the lifeless period of the war which provided men at war, and the wives waiting at home with some very joyful entertainment.

//100 Photographs That Changed the World by LIFE.// (n/a) The Digital Journalist. Retrieved, April 1, 2012 from, <[]>

//A Betty Grable Biography.// (2012) Retrieved April 1, 2012 from, <[]>

//Betty Grable//. (2012, March 12) Wikipedia. Retrieved, April 1, 2012 from, <[]>

__10 GOOD AND **BAD** WEBSITES:__

[|Royal Ontario Museum] -organized in categories -colorful -links to different pages -bright pictures that take you to different pages -a calendar of events -contact information and location are at the bottom -very accessible -promotion of events at the top of the page -bold letters -contrast in words and pictures (brings attention to the eye)

[|Facebook] -interactive social network -easy access to pictures, information, comments -exceptional search engine (able to find mostly anything you're looking for) -organized homepage and profile -fast status updates -with it being so popular, news hits Facebook faster than news websites -customized profile page (cover page, timeline) -customized search/privacy settings to specific people -all basic information at the top half of page (profile photo, album photos, information, friends, wall post) -Facebook chat being a part of the right side of the page allows greater access to communication

[|TEDtalks] -clean white margins (use of good space) -separate panel for search catagories -boxed grid of different videos (organized, eye is not looking everywhere) -horizontal line is used to separate different things -bold big letters are used to grasp attention -*specific color scheme is used to keep the eye rested and not distracted -different ideas, pictures, comments are in a light grey box which draws attention -white space in-between different ideas, pictures, comments keep it clean -interesting search settings (e.g. jaw-dropping videos in 5, 10, 15, 20 mins)

[|Toronto.ca] -home page is organized in broad categories of what is needed (living in Toronto, visiting Toronto, doing business, accessing city hall) -many links to different pages in just one short paragraph -subtle colors make the website seem official and reliable -no floating information -subheadings before each paragraph -specific events/information is listed on the side of each page
 * -too much information makes it look intimidating and boring**
 * -font is very small**
 * -homepage could be bigger to bring in more eye contact to "highlights"**
 * -each page only uses half the space provided**

[|Yves Rocher] -website is centered on the screen -use of dull background to concentrate viewer to the middle -organized drop down menu's providing customer with what he/she is looking for -products are well placed in thin-framed boxes in a list -eye-catching banners at the top of each product page
 * -very clumsy homepage, poor use of white space**
 * -too many colors, shapes, products being shown**
 * -due to too much information, font sizes are reduced**


 * [|CP24]**
 * -color scheme is clumsy (dark grey, black, bright reds)**
 * -attempt at organization but too many links underneath each headline**
 * -each box with information is inconsistent which makes it look clumsy**
 * -don't know what to look at first**
 * -too many links**
 * -softer color scheme with smaller number of links for every box would clean up the website**
 * -some headlines/ subheadings bold, some are not -> inconsistent**


 * [|Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation]**
 * -no margins to keep information neat**
 * -blocks of different colors, fonts, sizes in every paragraph**
 * -very unorganized**
 * -too many links on each side of screen**
 * -inconsistent use of headings, links, color schemes**
 * -different paragraph alignments**
 * -too many moving banners and pictures**
 * -too much information**
 * -no focal point**
 * -no heading for name of website/institution/organization**

April 23, 2012

= **Website Architecture Design:** = Website architecture is a way to design and plan websites in which, like architecture itself, involves technical, aesthetic and functional criteria.It is the structure of where pages are going to be and how they all link together.

The website has added lots of pages that keep linking to further pages which makes it difficult to connect pages.    __A good website requires:__ 1. Minimal click-depth (3 levels) 2. G ood use of internal linking of pages (navigation bars, cross content linking, usability, fastest routes to conversions) 3.Good use of external linking of pages (broad keywords at top levels, more specific linking to popular subcategories, specific product keyword at product level) 4. Avoiding duplicate URLs, minimal code for faster pages

[|Good and Bad Website Architecture]

**Website Navigation Design: ** Website navigation(also known as button bar) refers to the usability of the site. It is a key component of a website as it is the gateway into the different sections and pages on the site.

__5 Rules to Follow:__

[|5 Rules of Effective Website Navigation]
 * 1.** **Navigation Should be Easy to Find** (navigation bars tend to be across the top of a page or down the left side)
 * 2. Keep it Consistent** (site navigation should appear in the same location on ever page; should maintain the same style, type and colors)
 * 3. Use Obvious Section Names** (section names of a site, (in the navigation bar) should help users find what their looking for fast. Don't use general terms that will take multiple buttons for the user to find what they're looking for)
 * 4. Less is More** (too many navigation buttons leading into several sections leave the user frustrated and with too many choices. Consider drop-down menus that break down top level buttons into sub-sections)
 * 5. Remind the User Where They Are** (use a consistent method to highlight sections a visitor is in (change in color, appearance) and good use of headers)

= **Information Hierarchy/Hierarchies:** = Hierarchy in graphic design refers to the ordering of visual and typographical information based on relative importance. Hierarchy organizes information and provides a method of guiding the viewer through the content determined by its importance. Legibility is also very important as it allows viewers to skim large amounts of information without having to read every single world. -Color and contrast -Spacing -Position -Typpography -Grid Structure -Grouping -Weight and Scale -Bullet points, icons, rules
 * There are many different elements that can be used to create hierarchy:**



Go to this site to get more examples of how to use visual hierarchy in web design: []